Manufacture of brushes.



APPVL'IATION I'ILEI? JAN. 12, 1909 Patented July 20, 1909., i

:NVENTOR .707m 110022591n TTORNEY www y JOHN J. POTTER, or SOUTH oni/incre",

lovthe manufacture of brushes, and consists in the novel' features,

i ed out in the claims.

UNITED sTATns 'PATENT OFFICE.-

Nnwinnsnv Ass'IeNon To RUBHER a cELLULoID HAR- NESS TRIMMING CO.,A F'NEWARl -NEWJERSEY,A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

MANUFATUBE f'0F BRUSHES.

1ra-m4a1.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application mea January 12, 1909. serial No. 471,844.

Patented July 2o', 1909.

vTo all whomt may concern:

it known that I, -JOHN J. POTTER, a citizen of the United States, and a `resident of South Orange, in the county of Essex and Sta-te of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvementsin structure and. method hereinafter described,

This invention relates `more especially to a brush comprising a suitable bunch of bristles, a wooden handle whose inner end is confined within the knot of the bristles and an exterior band of leather encompassing the exterior of the knot and a narrow metal. band thereon and secured by small nails driven through it' (said exterior band) and the knot .and cementitious material therein andinto that portion of the handle confined ,within the knot. The material used in securino the bristles at one end to form the knot is rubber, which in the manufacture of .the brush is vulcanized and becomes hard rubber or vulcanite and in the most effectual manner binds the bristles at ,the knot together, so that there will be no shedding of the bristlesl during the use of the brush. -The knot is further secured by an' encompassing metal band and an exterior band or strap, preferably and Iparticularly point- .sisting in the substitution of Va metal) of leather, which covers said. metal band andji the knot and is secured by small nails driven i through it and into the knot and handle.`

from the detailed description hereinafterK presented, reference being had to the. accompanying drawings, in which; v

Figure l is a perspective view of the bunch of bristles, with a templet band thereon, ready to be/dipped at'its end into the same after the end of the bunch of bristles has been dipped into the solution; Fig. 3 is a like view -of the same showing a further4 stage in the method of manufacture, this step consistin'gi-n the opening of the knot at its `central'fportion by means of a blade and the insertion in said opening of a wooden plug, after receiving which knot is allowed to dry to some extent or until the .rubber becomessemi-plastic; Fig; it is a like `view of the same, showing a further stage in the method of manufacture,V this ste confor the said wooden plug in the knot.; ig. 5 is .a like view of the same, showing a. further stage in the method of manufacture, this step consisting in forcinga permanent metal band down on the knot and vulcanizing the rubber by standing the knot one;

heated table, the metal plug in'themeantime remainingwithin. the knot; Fig.. 6 is alikel view of the completed brush, 'the metal plug,

after the vulcanization, having been removed from the knot, the inner end ofthe handley having beendnserted in the opening left by said plug and the leatherband or 'strap having been applied to secure the-bristles and handle together and protect knot-end of. the bristles; Fig. 7 is a. like view of the bristles removed Vfrom the handleand lshowing the leather band opened outwardl this figure being' presented to show the-ho in the knot occupied by the inner-end of the handle and togindicate that the nails which are driven through the leather band enter the ,knot instead of passing through .the bristles' beyond fthe same; Fig. 8 is a detached perspective Y'view of the wooden plug in the step illustrated in Fig. 3, and F1 1s alike view of the metal plug used urmg the vulcanizing step indicated in Fig. 5t

In the drawings, 10 designates the brlstles or the like, 11 the knot formed at'one end thereof, l2 the permanent :metal band on saidknot, 13 the wooden handle, and 14l the leather strap or 'band covering said metal band and knot and secured by nails lo driven through the 4leather and knot and into the inner end of the handle, whereby the latter becomes firmly secured in position. The wooden plug used in that stage ofthe manufacture indicated in'Fig. 3 is designated by the numeral 16, and the metal plug thererubber solution; Fig. E?,` is a like view of the after 'substituted for the wooden plug inthe vu'lcanization step is denoted by' the numeral 17.l Tlib templet-band, which is commonly used in this art, is desi A ated by the numeral 18, and the heated' ta le on which *the vulcanization is eifected is denoted byA dippedinto a rubber-solution to the requisite extent to formA the lmot 11](Fig'. 2), the rubber-solution being caused to enter in between the bristles so that finally the bristles shall be securely embedded in the rubber and aol become inseparable from one another.

Thereafter the manufacturer'will by means of ablade form an opening in the middle of theknot-end of the 'bunch of bristles by sep- -arating the opposite sides of the bunch from each other and insert in said opening a Wooden plug 1 6 (Fi 3) which is 4of eloneinite form or The vnext stepY in the `method of manu gated outline and de es van opening which is finally to be occlpiedby the inner' end of the handle 13. A er the wooden plug 16 I has been placed .in the knot the bunch-of -bristles is placed in a rdryin chamber to effeet to some extent the har ening of the rub- -ber solutionfor to-cause it to become semilastic, thereby prmitting the knot to take ome to a degree'xed.

facture to the vulcanizationof the rubber .in the knot, andin carrying out this f step Iremove the wooden lug 16 and forceI 'into its place the slightly arger metal plug 'the knot, as'shown in Fi 5, whereupon I 17 'andapply -the band or ferrule 12, which isvforded down to the lower or outer end of stand the knot end of the ristles containing 'the-metal plug and bound bythe' band or vferrule 12 on theheated table 19 and leave ,the salnethere until the'vulcanization of the i'ubbeijfhas taken place. l Duringtithevulcanizati nl fthe band 12 and metal-plug 17 becomegheated and aid in the vulcanization step', 'the'us'e of the plug 17 being particu larly beneficial in conveying the heat to the.

interior ofthe knot. The eiicieny of the vulcanizati'on may be increased if v,While the bunch of bristles is standing on the `table 19.

the, knot: is gradually' squeezed or pressed against the metal plug 17. Upon the revmoval of the bunch of bristles from the table 19, the plug 17 be knocked out and the 'knot is allowed to cool, becoming then'dry and hard'. 4 n

-The .next step in the manufacture 1s to properly apply the handle 13 and strap or i l band 14, and this step if the best results are to be attained is of importance. In carrying out this step of the process I stand the knot end of the bunch of bristles on a heated table and effect the softening'- to a suitable extent of the .rubber above the metal band 12, and thereupon? and before the rubber cools-again, insert the inner end of the handle 13 into the opening in the knot .left by the metal lug 17 and tightly apply and secure by lia' s 15 -the leather strap or band 14, the latter cover-ing the metal lband 12 and those portions of the knot beyond it 'and said nails being driven throu h tion of the knotv beyond said band 12 and into theinclosed inner end of the handle. Bysoftening those ortions of the knot be- 13 and strap 14, lI am enabled to drive the nails 15 through the knot without fracturino' the same and secure a very. decided an handle, knot', strap and nails, the result being the production of a very durable brush having no fractures in the knot to be concealed by paint or the like. In Fig. 7 I illustrate 'from the knot so as to indicate the line alon 'the knot at which the nails 15 were applic these nails having been driven substantially7 the handle, which, as indicated by dotted linesin Fig. 6, projects inwardly beyond the.

knot. j

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The improvement in the manufacture of brushes comprising the forming of a nailin a strap around' said knot and band,

the nailspassing through the strap and knot and into the handle; substantially as .set forth. l l

2. The improvement in the manufacture of brushes comprising the forming of a bunch of bristles, dipping one',end of the opening the knot at its interior and insert -ing therein a plug, drying the knot to. a suitable extent, removing said plug and inserting a metal plug and forcing a metal band on the exterior of the knot, vulcanizl ing the rubber in the knot, allowing the knot to cool and harden, heating the knot to soften the same, insertingthe inner end of the softened por-l bunch of bristles, dipping one end ofthe` same ina rubber solution to form the' knot,

yond the band 12 be ore applying the handle efficient firmness in the connection of the the v-strapas having been partly removed centrally of the strap and knot and beyond the metal band 12 and into the inner end of.

a handle into the opening in the knot left -by the removal of the metal lug at 'any convenient stage in the manu acture, and nailing a strap around said knot and band,

7the inner endvof'a handle into t 'left in the knot by the removal of said plug,

the nails passing thre'righ the strap and.

softened rubber `and into the handle; sub stantially as set forth.

of 'brushes com risin the formino' ofl a vbunch of bristles, dipping one end of the same in a rubbersoluti'on to form the knot, applying within the knot a metal plug and on its exterior a close fitting band, Vulcania ing the rubber in the knot with said metal plug in place, removing the pluwin'eerting e opening and'nailing' a' strap around said knot and band, 'the nails passing through the strap and knot into the setforth. i

4. Theirnprovement in the manufacture of brusheseomprising the formation :of a bunch of bristles, dip ingone -end lof the .same a rubber solution to form theknot,

applying withinthe knot a plugland onits exterior a close-fitting'band, vnloanizing 'thel rubber in' the lmot,"-allowing the knot to coo and harden, heating-the knot to soften the same inserting thel inner end ofa handle into the 'openingin the knot left bythemremovalof the p 'o f the manufacture,"and nailing a strap aroundsaid knot and band, the nailspasS-f;

ug at any convenient stage handle; substantially as v v die into the yopening in the knot left by the January A. D. 1909.

ing through. the strap and softened rubber and `into the handle; substantially as setl forth. 3. The improvement in the manufacture 5. The improvement in the manufacture of brushes comprising the formation of a bunch'of britles, dipping one end of the same vin a rubber solution to form the knot,

vopening theknot at its interior and inserting therein a plug, dryingv the knot to a surtable extent, removing said plug and. 1n-

' serting a sli htly larger metal plug and foroing a metal and on the exterior of the knot, vu canizingthe rubber in'v the knot with the I'netal plug in place, allowing the knot to cool'and harden, heating the knot to soften the same, inserting the inner end of a hanremoval 'of the metal plug at any time after the vulcanzation and nailing a strap around said knot and band, the nails'passing through the strap and softened, rubber and into the handle; substantially as set forth; i

Si i edv at Newark, in the county of Essex and tate of New Jersey, this eighth day of JOHN J. POTTER. j/Witnesses: EDWARD G. ROBERTSON, WMMMREWRIGHT. 

